African Cichlids - Victoria Cichlids - West African Cichlids :
1- False Mpozo Lionhead Cichlid
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Aquarist Experience Level: Beginner
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Size of fish - inches: 2.4 inches (5.99 cm)
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Minimum Tank Size: 20 gal (76 L)
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Temperament: Peaceful
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Temperature: 73.0 to 0.0° F (22.8 to -17.8° C)
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Scientific Name: Steatocranus glaber
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Social Grouping: Pairs - They will pair for life, but will often remain solitary if their mate should die.
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IUCN Red List: VU - Vulnerable
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Size of fish - inches: 2.4 inches (5.99 cm) - The male of this species reaches 2 1/3 inches in length, with the smaller female growing to just over 2 inches.
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Lifespan: 5 years - The Lionhead cichlids generally have a lifespan of 5 - 8 years.
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Aquarist Experience Level: Beginner
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Diet Type: Omnivore
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Flake Food: Yes
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Tablet Pellet: Yes
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Live foods (fishes, shrimps, worms): Some of Diet
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Vegetable Food: Most of Diet
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Meaty Food: Some of Diet
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Feeding Frequency: Several feedings per day - Generally feed 2-3 small feedings a day rather than a single large feeding for better water quality.
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Water Changes: Weekly - Water changes of 30 - 50% a week are recommended.
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Minimum Tank Size: 20 gal (76 L) - A minimum of 20 gallons is suggested for a pair, a larger tank will be needed to house more..
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Suitable for Nano Tank: Yes - A 20 gallon Nano tank can house a pair.
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Substrate Type: Sand - These fish are cave spawners, and like to burrow into the sand under the decor.
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Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting
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Temperature: 73.0 to 0.0° F (22.8 to -17.8° C)
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Breeding Temperature: 81.0° F
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Range ph: 6.0-7.5
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Hardness Range: 3 - 20 dGH
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Brackish: No
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Water Movement: Moderate
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Water Region: Bottom - These fish will swim primarily in the bottom areas of the aquarium.
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Venomous: No
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Temperament: Peaceful - They are territorial but can kept with small peaceful fish that require similar conditions.
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Compatible with:
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Same species - conspecifics: Yes - They should be kept as a pair, but are aggressive towards others of their same species.
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Peaceful fish (): Safe
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Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor
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Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Semi-Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Threat
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Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Monitor
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Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: May be aggressive
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Plants: Safe
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Ease of Breeding: Moderate
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Aquarist Experience Level: Beginner
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Size of fish - inches: 4.0 inches (10.16 cm)
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Minimum Tank Size: 20 gal (76 L)
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Temperament: Peaceful
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Aquarium Hardiness: Very Hardy
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Temperature: 75.0 to 81.0° F (23.9 to 27.2° C)
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Scientific Name: Pelvicachromis pulcher
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Social Grouping: Groups - They will form pairs, yet the parents maintain a family which will school together, led by the pair.
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IUCN Red List: LC - Least Concern
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Size of fish - inches: 4.0 inches (10.16 cm) - The male reaches 4 inches (10 cm) in length while the smaller female grows to only 3 inches (7 cm).
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Lifespan: 5 years - They generally have a lifespan of 5 years, but may live longer with proper care.
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Aquarium Hardiness: Very Hardy
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Aquarist Experience Level: Beginner
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Diet Type: Omnivore - Although these fish are omnivores, their diet consists primarily of protein foods.
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Flake Food: Yes
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Tablet Pellet: Yes
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Live foods (fishes, shrimps, worms): Some of Diet
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Vegetable Food: Some of Diet
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Meaty Food: Most of Diet
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Feeding Frequency: Several feedings per day - Generally feed 2-5 small feedings a day rather than a single large feeding for better water quality.
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Water Changes: Weekly - Water changes of 10-20% weekly or biweekly is recommended, depending on stocking numbers.
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Minimum Tank Size: 20 gal (76 L) - A minimum of 20 gallons is recommended for a pair, a larger tank will be needed for more.
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Suitable for Nano Tank: Yes
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Substrate Type: Sand/Gravel Mix
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Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting
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Temperature: 75.0 to 81.0° F (23.9 to 27.2° C)
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Range ph: 5.0-7.5
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Hardness Range: 8 - 15 dGH
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Brackish: Sometimes - Can tolerate a low salinity, but must be less than 10% of a normal saltwater tank, a specific gravity of less than 1.0002.
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Water Movement: Moderate
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Water Region: Middle - These fish will swim in the middle and lower parts of the aquarium.
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Venomous: No
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Temperament: Peaceful - They are generally peaceful, but do become very territorial when spawning.
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Compatible with:
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Same species - conspecifics: Yes - They should be kept as a pair, and more can be kept if the tank is large enough.
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Peaceful fish (): Safe
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Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor
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Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Semi-Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Threat
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Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Monitor
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Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: May be aggressive
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Plants: Safe
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Ease of Breeding: Easy
African Cichlids - Tanganyika Goby Cichlids :
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Aquarist Experience Level: Intermediate
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Size of fish - inches: 3.0 inches (7.62 cm)
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Minimum Tank Size: 30 gal (114 L)
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Temperament: Semi-aggressive
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Temperature: 75.0 to 81.0° F (23.9 to 27.2° C)
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Scientific Name: Spathodus erythrodon
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Social Grouping: Pairs - They usually occur in pairs.
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IUCN Red List: LC - Least Concern
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Size of fish - inches: 3.0 inches (7.62 cm) - This is a small species reaching a length of 3 inches.
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Lifespan: 3 years - Their lifespan is said to be 3 - 5 years, but as with other African cichlids, they may live longer with proper care.
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Aquarist Experience Level: Intermediate - These fish must have appropriate tankmates and require attention to diet and tank care.
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Diet Type: Omnivore
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Flake Food: Yes
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Tablet Pellet: Yes
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Live foods (fishes, shrimps, worms): Some of Diet
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Vegetable Food: Some of Diet
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Meaty Food: Some of Diet - Avoid high protein foods such as shellfish, animal meat, and worms.
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Feeding Frequency: Several feedings per day - Generally feed 2-3 small feedings a day rather than a single large feeding for better water quality.
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Water Changes: Weekly - Water changes of 10% to 15% a week are recommended.
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Minimum Tank Size: 30 gal (114 L) - The minimum size for a pair of these cichlids is 30 gallons but a 4 foot long, 75+ gallon tank will be needed to keep a cichlid community.
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Suitable for Nano Tank: No
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Substrate Type: Sand
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Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting - Normal lighting is okay, but stronger lighting will help with algae growth.
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Temperature: 75.0 to 81.0° F (23.9 to 27.2° C)
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Range ph: 8.1-8.6
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Hardness Range: 8 - 9 dGH
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Brackish: Sometimes - Can tolerate a low salinity, but must be less than 10% of a normal saltwater tank, a specific gravity of less than 1.0002.
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Water Movement: Moderate
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Water Region: Bottom - These fish will swim in the bottom and occasionally middle areas of the aquarium.
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Venomous: No
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Temperament: Semi-aggressive - Is generally compatible with mid-water cichlids of similar size but not with the same species.
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Compatible with:
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Same species - conspecifics: Sometimes - Intolerant of their own species, but can be kept as a pair.
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Peaceful fish (): Safe
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Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor
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Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Semi-Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Threat
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Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Monitor
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Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: Safe - not aggressive
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Plants: Safe
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Ease of Breeding: Easy
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Aquarist Experience Level: Intermediate
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Size of fish - inches: 4.0 inches (10.16 cm)
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Minimum Tank Size: 30 gal (114 L)
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Temperament: Semi-aggressive
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Temperature: 75.0 to 81.0° F (23.9 to 27.2° C)
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Scientific Name: Spathodus marlieri
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Social Grouping: Pairs - They usually occur in pairs or singly.
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IUCN Red List: LC - Least Concern
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Size of fish - inches: 4.0 inches (10.16 cm) - Females grow to 2.5” (6.4 cm), but males will reach up to 4 inches (10.2 cm) in length.
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Lifespan: 3 years - The lifespan of Lake Tanganyikan Gobies is said to be 3 - 5 years, but as with other African cichlids, they may live longer with proper care.
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Aquarist Experience Level: Intermediate - These fish must have appropriate tankmates and require attention to diet and tank care.
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Diet Type: Omnivore
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Flake Food: Yes
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Tablet Pellet: Yes
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Live foods (fishes, shrimps, worms): Some of Diet
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Vegetable Food: Some of Diet
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Meaty Food: Some of Diet - Avoid high protein foods such as shellfish, animal meat, and worms.
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Feeding Frequency: Several feedings per day - Generally feed 2-3 small feedings a day rather than a single large feeding for better water quality.
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Water Changes: Weekly - Water changes of 10% to 15% a week are recommended.
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Minimum Tank Size: 30 gal (114 L) - The minimum size for a pair of these cichlids is 30 gallons but a 4 foot long, 75+ gallon tank will be needed to keep a cichlid community.
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Suitable for Nano Tank: No
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Substrate Type: Sand
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Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting - Normal lighting is okay, but stronger lighting will help with algae growth.
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Temperature: 75.0 to 81.0° F (23.9 to 27.2° C)
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Range ph: 8.1-8.6
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Hardness Range: 10 - 20 dGH
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Brackish: Sometimes - Can tolerate a low salinity, but must be less than 10% of a normal saltwater tank, a specific gravity of less than 1.0002.
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Water Movement: Moderate
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Water Region: Bottom - These fish will swim in the bottom and occasionally middle areas of the aquarium
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Venomous: No
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Temperament: Semi-aggressive - Is generally compatible with mid-water cichlids of similar size but not with the same species.
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Compatible with:
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Same species - conspecifics: Sometimes - Mostly intolerant of their own species, but can be kept as a pair.
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Peaceful fish (): Safe
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Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor
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Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Semi-Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Threat
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Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Monitor
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Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: Safe - not aggressive
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Plants: Safe
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Ease of Breeding: Easy
3-Spotfin Goby Cichlid
Tanganicodus irsacae
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Aquarist Experience Level: Intermediate
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Size of fish - inches: 2.8 inches (6.99 cm)
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Minimum Tank Size: 30 gal (114 L)
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Temperament: Semi-aggressive
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Temperature: 75.0 to 82.0° F (23.9 to 27.8° C)
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Scientific Name: Tanganicodus irsacae
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Social Grouping: Pairs - They usually occur in pairs.
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IUCN Red List: LC - Least Concern
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Size of fish - inches: 2.8 inches (6.99 cm) - This is the smallest of the Tanganyican gobies species, only reaching a length of 2 3/4".
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Lifespan: 3 years - Their lifespan is said to be 3 - 5 years, but as with other African cichlids, they may live longer with proper care.
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Aquarist Experience Level: Intermediate - These fish must have appropriate tankmates and require attention to diet and tank care.
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Diet Type: Omnivore
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Flake Food: Yes
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Tablet Pellet: Yes
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Live foods (fishes, shrimps, worms): Some of Diet
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Vegetable Food: Some of Diet
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Meaty Food: Some of Diet - Avoid high protein foods such as shellfish, animal meat, and worms.
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Feeding Frequency: Several feedings per day - Generally feed 2-3 small feedings a day rather than a single large feeding for better water quality.
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Water Changes: Weekly - Water changes of 10% to 15% a week are recommended.
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Minimum Tank Size: 30 gal (114 L) - The minimum size for a pair of these cichlids is 30 gallons but a larger tank is better for a cichlid community.
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Suitable for Nano Tank: No
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Substrate Type: Sand
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Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting - Normal lighting is okay, but stronger lighting will help with algae growth.
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Temperature: 75.0 to 82.0° F (23.9 to 27.8° C)
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Range ph: 8.0-9.0
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Hardness Range: 8 - 25 dGH
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Brackish: Sometimes - Can tolerate a low salinity, but must be less than 10% of a normal saltwater tank, a specific gravity of less than 1.0002.
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Water Movement: Moderate
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Water Region: Bottom - These fish will swim in the bottom and occasionally middle areas of the aquarium.
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Venomous: No
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Temperament: Semi-aggressive - Is generally compatible with mid-water cichlids of similar size but not with the same species.
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Compatible with:
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Same species - conspecifics: Sometimes - Mostly intolerant of their own species, but can be kept as a pair.
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Peaceful fish (): Safe
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Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor
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Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Semi-Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Threat
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Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Monitor
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Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: Safe - not aggressive
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Plants: Safe
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Ease of Breeding: Easy
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Aquarist Experience Level: Intermediate
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Size of fish - inches: 3.5 inches (8.89 cm)
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Minimum Tank Size: 30 gal (114 L)
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Temperament: Semi-aggressive
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Temperature: 75.0 to 81.0° F (23.9 to 27.2° C)
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Scientific Name: Eretmodus cyanostictus
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Social Grouping: Varies - They usually occur alone or in pairs.
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IUCN Red List: NT - Near Threatened
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Size of fish - inches: 3.5 inches (8.89 cm) - This species can reach a length of 3 1/2".
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Lifespan: 5 years - Their lifespan is generally 5-8 years, but as with other African cichlids, they may live longer with proper care.
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Aquarist Experience Level: Intermediate - These fish must have appropriate tankmates and require attention to diet and tank care.
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Diet Type: Omnivore
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Flake Food: Yes
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Tablet Pellet: Yes
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Live foods (fishes, shrimps, worms): Some of Diet
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Vegetable Food: Some of Diet
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Meaty Food: Some of Diet - Avoid high protein foods such as shellfish, animal meat, and worms.
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Feeding Frequency: Several feedings per day - Generally feed 2-3 small feedings a day rather than a single large feeding for better water quality.
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Water Changes: Weekly - Water changes of 10% to 15% a week are recommended.
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Minimum Tank Size: 30 gal (114 L) - The minimum size for a pair of these cichlids is 30 gallons but a 4 foot long, 75+ gallon tank will be needed to keep a cichlid community.
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Suitable for Nano Tank: No
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Substrate Type: Sand
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Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting - Normal lighting is okay, but stronger lighting will help with algae growth.
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Temperature: 75.0 to 81.0° F (23.9 to 27.2° C)
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Range ph: 8.0-9.0
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Hardness Range: 10 - 20 dGH
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Brackish: Sometimes - Can tolerate a low salinity, but must be less than 10% of a normal saltwater tank, a specific gravity of less than 1.0002.
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Water Movement: Moderate
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Water Region: Bottom - These fish will swim in the bottom and occasionally middle areas of the aquarium.
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Temperament: Semi-aggressive - Is generally compatible with mid-water cichlids of similar size but not with the same species.
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Compatible with:
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Same species - conspecifics: Sometimes - Mostly intolerant of their own species, but can be kept as a pair.
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Peaceful fish (): Safe
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Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor
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Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Semi-Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Threat
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Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Monitor
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Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: Safe - not aggressive
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Plants: Safe
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Ease of Breeding: Easy
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African Cichlids - Tanganyika Tropheus Cichlids :
1-Blue-Eyed Tropheus :
Tropheus brichardi
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Aquarist Experience Level: Advanced
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Size of fish - inches: 4.7 inches (11.99 cm)
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Minimum Tank Size: 75 gal (284 L)
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Temperament: Aggressive
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately Difficult
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Temperature: 76.0 to 82.0° F (24.4 to 27.8° C)
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Scientific Name: Tropheus brichardi
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Social Grouping: Groups - They are generally found in groups and will form nuclear families, though not prolonged pairs as often found in other open water breeders.
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IUCN Red List: LC - Least Concern
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Size of fish - inches: 4.7 inches (11.99 cm) - This species can reach between 4 3/4" to 5" in length in the aquarium.
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Lifespan: 5 years - They generally have a lifespan of 5 - 8 years, but may live 10 years or more with proper care.
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately Difficult
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Aquarist Experience Level: Advanced - These highly aggressive fish require attention to diet, diligent tank care, and are susceptible to "bloat" if stressed.
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Diet Type: Omnivore - Although these fish are omnivores, their diet consists primarily of herbivorous foods.
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Flake Food: Yes
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Tablet Pellet: Yes
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Live foods (fishes, shrimps, worms): Some of Diet - Proteins should be fed sparingly.
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Vegetable Food: Most of Diet
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Meaty Food: Some of Diet - Proteins should be fed sparingly.
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Feeding Frequency: Several feedings per day - Generally feed 2-3 small feedings a day rather than a single large feeding for better water quality.
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Water Changes: Weekly - Water changes of 15% twice a week or 30% weekly are recommended.
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Minimum Tank Size: 75 gal (284 L) - A tank that is 48" long and about 75 gallons will be needed for a group.
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Suitable for Nano Tank: No
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Substrate Type: Sand/Gravel Mix
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Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting - Normal lighting is okay, but stronger lighting will help with algae growth.
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Temperature: 76.0 to 82.0° F (24.4 to 27.8° C)
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Range ph: 7.0-9.0
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Hardness Range: 10 - 15 dGH
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Brackish: Sometimes - Can tolerate a low salinity, but must be less than 10% of a normal saltwater tank, a specific gravity of less than 1.0002.
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Water Movement: Moderate
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Water Region: All - These fish will swim in all areas of the aquarium.
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Venomous: No
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Temperament: Aggressive
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Compatible with:
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Same species - conspecifics: Yes - Can be in groups of 12 or more, with 1 -2 males. Multiple females will help dilute the male's aggressiveness.
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Peaceful fish (): Threat
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Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor - Other herbivorous Tanganyika cichlids fish can be kept if the tank is large enough with plenty of decor providing multiple hiding places.
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Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Semi-Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Threat
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Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Threat
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Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: May be aggressive
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Plants: Monitor
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Ease of Breeding: Moderate
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Aquarist Experience Level: Advanced
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Size of fish - inches: 5.8 inches (14.61 cm)
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Minimum Tank Size: 75 gal (284 L)
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Temperament: Aggressive
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately Difficult
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Temperature: 76.0 to 82.0° F (24.4 to 27.8° C)
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Scientific Name: Tropheus moorii
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Social Grouping: Groups - They are generally found in groups and will form nuclear families, though not prolonged pairs as often found in other open water breeders.
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IUCN Red List: LC - Least Concern
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Size of fish - inches: 5.8 inches (14.61 cm) - This species can reach a length of about 5 3/4".
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Lifespan: 5 years - They generally live for 5 - 8 years, but may live 10 years or more with proper care.
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately Difficult
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Aquarist Experience Level: Advanced - These highly aggressive fish require attention to diet, diligent tank care, and are susceptible to "bloat" if stressed.
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Diet Type: Omnivore - Although these fish are omnivores, their diet consists primarily of herbivorous foods.
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Flake Food: Yes
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Tablet Pellet: Yes
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Live foods (fishes, shrimps, worms): Some of Diet - Proteins should be fed sparingly.
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Vegetable Food: Most of Diet
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Meaty Food: Some of Diet - Proteins should be fed sparingly.
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Feeding Frequency: Several feedings per day - Generally feed 2-3 small feedings a day rather than a single large feeding for better water quality.
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Minimum Tank Size: 75 gal (284 L) - A tank that is 48" long and about 75 gallons will be needed for a group.
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Suitable for Nano Tank: No
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Substrate Type: Sand/Gravel Mix
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Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting - Normal lighting is okay, but stronger lighting will help with algae growth.
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Temperature: 76.0 to 82.0° F (24.4 to 27.8° C)
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Range ph: 7.0-9.0
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Hardness Range: 10 - 15 dGH
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Brackish: Sometimes - Can tolerate a low salinity, but must be less than 10% of a normal saltwater tank, a specific gravity of less than 1.0002.
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Water Movement: Moderate
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Water Region: All - These fish will swim in all areas of the aquarium.
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Venomous: No
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Temperament: Aggressive
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Compatible with:
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Same species - conspecifics: Yes - Can be in groups of 12 or more, with 1 -2 males. Multiple females will help dilute the male's aggressiveness.
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Peaceful fish (): Threat
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Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor - Other herbivorous Tanganyika cichlids fish can be kept if the tank is large enough with plenty of decor providing multiple hiding places.
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Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Threat
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Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Threat
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Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: May be aggressive
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Plants: Monitor
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Ease of Breeding: Moderate
9-Tropheus moorii "Lufubu"
This variety is from Lufubu, Zambia.
Common names:
Blue Rainbow
10-Tropheus moorii "Lupota"
This variety is from Lupota, Congo.
Common names:
Red Breast Moorii, Munshi Variant
11-Tropheus moorii "Moliro"
This variety is from Moliro, Congo.
Common names:
Red-Tail Moorii
12-Tropheus moorii "Mpulungu"
Tropheus sp. "Mpulungu"
This variety is from Mpulungu, Zambia.
Common names:
Sunset Moorii, Orangefleck, Muzumwa
13-Tropheus moorii "Murago"
Tropheus sp. "Murago"
This variety is from Zongwe, Congo.
Common names:
Blue Rainbow
14-Tropheus sp. "Nangu"
This variety is from Nangu, Zambia.
Common names:
Yellow Rainbow, Kabeyeye Moorii
Several varieties are shown here:
1- Tropheus moorii "Chaitika"
This variety is from Chaitika, Zambia.
Common names:
Blue Rainbow, Kasabae Moorii
2-Tropheus moorii "Chimba"
Tropheus sp. "Red Chimba"
This variety is from Chimba, Zambia.
Common names: Black Red Moorii,
ambian Red, Cameron Moorii
3-Tropheus moorii "Kachese"
Tropheus sp. "Cape Kachese"
From Cape Kachese, Zambia.
Common names:
Gold Rainbow, Yellow Sambian
4-Tropheus moorii "Kalambo"
This variety is from Kalambo, Zambia.
Common names:
Goldfleck Moorii, Lemon Variant I,
Wasp Moorii
5-Tropheus moorii "Kapampa"
This variety is from Kapampa, Congo.
6-Tropheus moorii "Kasanga"
This variety is from Kasanga, Tanzania.
Common names:
Tanzania Red Rainbow
7- Tropheus moorii "Kavalla"
8-Tropheus moorii "Livua"
This variety is from Livua, Congo.
Common names:
Bloodred Moorii, Mvua, Vua
15-Tropheus moorii "Ndole"
This variety is from Ndole Bay, Zambia.
Common names:
Red Rainbow
Several varieties of Tropheus brichardi are shown here:
Tropheus brichardi "Kabimba"
Tropheus brichardi "Kalemie"
Tropheus brichardi "Karilani" Gold Fin
Tropheus brichardi "Kipili"
Tropheus brichardi "Malagarasi"
Tropheus brichardi "Mpimbwe"
Tropheus brichardi "Ujiji"
Additional varieties include:
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Tropheus moorii "Chipimbi" - From Cape Chipimbi, Zambia. Common name: Kipimbi Moorii, Chimpimbi
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Tropheus moorii "Chiwa"
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Tropheus moorii "Hinge B" - This variety is from Hinde B, Tanzania.
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Tropheus moorii "Kaku" - This variety is from Kaku, Zambia. Common name: Zambian Blue Rainbow
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Tropheus moorii "Kala" - This variety is from Kala, Tanzania. Common name: Red Rainbow
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Tropheus moorii "Kala" - This variety is from Kala, Tanzania. Common name: Yellow Rainbow
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Tropheus moorii "Golden Kalambo" - This variety is from Kalambo, Zambia. Common name: OB Moorii
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Tropheus moorii "Kalambwe" - This variety is from Kalambwe, Congo. Common name: Moorii Bright Red
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Tropheus moorii "Kalibwe" Common name: Kipimbi Moorii, Chimpimbi
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Tropheus moorii "Kasaba" - This variety is from Kasaba Bay.
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Tropheus moorii "Katili" - This variety is from Katili, Tanzania.
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Tropheus moorii "Katoto" - This variety is from Mbete, Zambia. Common name: Sunspot
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Tropheus moorii "Kibwesa" - This variety is from Kibwesa, Tanzaniao.
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Tropheus moorii "Kiku" - This variety is from Kiku, Congo.
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Tropheus moorii "Kinyamkolo" - This variety is from Kinyamkolo, Zambia.
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Tropheus moorii "Kisambala" - This variety is from Kisambala, Tanzania.
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Tropheus moorii "Malasa" - This variety is from Malasa Island, Tanzania.
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Tropheus moorii "Mamalesa Island" - This variety is from Mamalesa Island.
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Tropheus moorii "Mbita" - Fom Mbity Rocks, Zambia. Common name: Lemon Spot Moorii, Mbity Rock
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Tropheus moorii "Mtosi" - This variety is from Mtosi, Tanzania.
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Tropheus moorii "Mutondwe" - From Mutondwe Island, Zambia. Common name: Zitronen Moorii, Mutondwe Island
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Tropheus moorii "Muzi" - This variety is from Muzi, Tanzania. Common name: Blue Blazed Red Rainbow
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Tropheus moorii "Muzumba" - This variety is from southern. Lunangwa, Congo.
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Tropheus moorii "Mwerazi" - This variety is from Mwerazi, Congo.
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Tropheus moorii "Red Namansi" - This variety is from Namansi, Tanzania.
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Tropheus moorii "Nkamba Bay" - From Nkamba Bay, Zambia. Common name: Green-Red Moorii, Chilanga Red
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Tropheus moorii "Nundo Head" - This variety is from Nundo Head, Zambia. Common name: Golden Chisanze
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Tropheus moorii "Samazi" - This variety is from northern Kasanga, Tanzania. Common name: Red Rainbow
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Tropheus moorii "Sumbu" - This variety is from Sumbu, Tanzania. Common name: Green-Red Moorii
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Tropheus moorii "Wampembe" - This variety is from Wampembe, Tanzania, Fulwe Rocks.
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Tropheus moorii "Zongwe" - This variety is from Zongwe, Congo.
Additional varieties include:
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Tropheus brichardi "Benga" - This variety is from Benga, Congo.
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Tropheus brichardi "Bulu Point"
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Tropheus brichardi "Cape Tembwe"
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Tropheus brichardi "Isonga" - This variety is from Isonga, Tanzania.
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Tropheus brichardi "Kanyosha"
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Tropheus brichardi "Karilani" - This variety is from Karilani Island, Tanzania.
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Tropheus brichardi "Kavalla" - This variety is from Kavalla Island. The juvenile is similar to T. brichardi "Nyanza Lac". It has narrow vertical yellow bars on an olive-brown background, bright-yellow fins and a yellow ventral surface that fades with age. Mature males loose the striping but have bluish head markings.
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Tropheus brichardi "Kigoma" - This variety is from Kigoma,Tanzania. Common name: Tiger Moorii, Striped Moorii
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Tropheus brichardi "Kipampa" - This variety is from Kipampa, Congo. Common name: Kavalla
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Tropheus brichardi "Korongwe Bay" - This variety is from Korongwe Bay. Common name: Yellow Cheek Brichardi
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Tropheus brichardi "Mikonga" - This variety is from Mikonga, Congo.
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Tropheus brichardi "Moliro"
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Tropheus brichardi "Mtosi" - This variety is from Mtosi, Tanzania.
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Tropheus brichardi "Mvuna" - This variety is from Mvuna Island, Tanzania.
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Tropheus brichardi "Namansi" - Fry striped with orange red color, adults shiny yellow with black fins.Common name: Fiery Fry
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Tropheus brichardi "Ubwari Green" - This variety is from the east side of the Ubwari. Juveniles have narrow yellowish bars on an olive green background. Adult males retain the barring on the back half, have a light
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gray head, a blackish tail and dorsal fin, and beautiful blue eyes. Common name: Benga -
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Tropheus brichardi "Ulwile" - This variety is from Kigoma, Tanzania. Juveniles have nice yellow-orange and dark brown stripes.
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Tropheus brichardi "Yungu" - This variety is from Yungu, Congo.
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Tropheus brichardi "Zaïre I" - This variety is from Congo, Congo. Common name: Anthracite Moorii
Wimpel Moorii, Polli
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Aquarist Experience Level: Advanced
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Size of fish - inches: 6.5 inches (16.51 cm)
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Minimum Tank Size: 75 gal (284 L)
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Temperament: Aggressive
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately Difficult
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Temperature: 73.0 to 81.0° F (22.8 to 27.2° C)
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Scientific Name: Tropheus polli
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Social Grouping: Groups - Social groupings are not certain for this species, but generally Tropheus are found in groups and will form nuclear families, though not prolonged pairs as often found in other open water breeders.
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IUCN Red List: VU - Vulnerable
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Size of fish - inches: 6.5 inches (16.51 cm) - This species can reach a length of 6 1/2".
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Lifespan: 5 years - Tropheus cichlids generally live for 5 - 8 years, but may live 10 years or more with proper care.
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately Difficult
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Aquarist Experience Level: Advanced - These highly aggressive fish require attention to diet, diligent tank care, and are susceptible to "bloat" if stressed.
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Diet Type: Omnivore - Although these fish are omnivores, their diet consists primarily of herbivorous foods.
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Flake Food: Yes
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Tablet Pellet: Yes
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Live foods (fishes, shrimps, worms): Some of Diet - Proteins should be fed sparingly.
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Vegetable Food: Most of Diet
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Meaty Food: Some of Diet - Proteins should be fed sparingly.
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Feeding Frequency: Several feedings per day - Generally feed 2-3 small feedings a day rather than a single large feeding for better water quality.
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Water Changes: Weekly - Water changes of 15% twice a week or 30% weekly are recommended.
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Minimum Tank Size: 75 gal (284 L) - A tank that is 48" long and about 75 gallons will be needed for a group.
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Suitable for Nano Tank: No
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Substrate Type: Sand/Gravel Mix
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Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting - Normal lighting is okay, but stronger lighting will help with algae growth.
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Temperature: 73.0 to 81.0° F (22.8 to 27.2° C)
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Range ph: 8.0-9.5 - They can be adjusted closer to neutral if done slowly.
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Hardness Range: 10 - 15 dGH
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Brackish: Sometimes - Can tolerate a low salinity, but must be less than 10% of a normal saltwater tank, a specific gravity of less than 1.0002.
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Water Movement: Moderate
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Water Region: All - These fish will swim in all areas of the aquarium.
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Venomous: No
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Temperament: Aggressive
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Compatible with:
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Same species - conspecifics: Yes - Can be in groups of 12 or more, with 1 -2 males. Multiple females will help dilute the male's aggressiveness.
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Peaceful fish (): Threat
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Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor - Other herbivorous Tanganyika cichlids fish can be kept if the tank is large enough with plenty of decor providing multiple hiding places.
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Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Semi-Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Threat
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Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Threat
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Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: May be aggressive
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Plants: Monitor
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Ease of Breeding: Moderate
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Aquarist Experience Level: Advanced
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Size of fish - inches: 5.9 inches (15.01 cm)
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Minimum Tank Size: 75 gal (284 L)
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Temperament: Aggressive
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately Difficult
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Temperature: 76.0 to 82.0° F (24.4 to 27.8° C)
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Scientific Name: Tropheus sp.
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Social Grouping: Groups - They are generally found in groups and will form nuclear families, though not prolonged pairs as often found in other open water breeders.
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IUCN Red List: NE - Not Evaluated or not listed
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Size of fish - inches: 5.9 inches (15.01 cm) - The Tropheus species vary in size depending upon the species, ranging from the smallest at about 4 to 4 3/4" (10 - 12 cm) to the largest, reach up to about 6 ” (15 cm).
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Lifespan: 10 years - They have a lifespan of 10 - 12 years with proper care.
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately Difficult
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Aquarist Experience Level: Advanced - These highly aggressive fish require attention to diet, diligent tank care, and are susceptible to "bloat" if stressed, so are suggested for experienced aquarists.
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Diet Type: Omnivore - Although these fish are omnivores, their diet consists primarily of herbivorous foods.
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Flake Food: Yes
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Tablet Pellet: Yes
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Vegetable Food: Most of Diet
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Meaty Food: Some of Diet - Proteins should be fed sparingly.
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Feeding Frequency: Several feedings per day - Generally feed 2-3 small feedings a day rather than a single large feeding for better water quality.
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Water Changes: Weekly - Water changes of 15% twice a week or 30% weekly are recommended.
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Minimum Tank Size: 75 gal (284 L) - A tank that is 48" long and about 75 gallons will be needed for a group.
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Suitable for Nano Tank: No
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Substrate Type: Sand/Gravel Mix
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Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting - Normal lighting is okay, but stronger lighting will help with algae growth.
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Temperature: 76.0 to 82.0° F (24.4 to 27.8° C)
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Range ph: 7.3-9.2
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Hardness Range: 8 - 22 dGH
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Brackish: Sometimes - Can tolerate a low salinity, but must be less than 10% of a normal saltwater tank, a specific gravity of less than 1.0002.
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Water Movement: Moderate
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Water Region: All - These fish will swim in all areas of the aquarium.
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Temperament: Aggressive
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Compatible with:
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Same species - conspecifics: Yes - Can be in groups of 12 or more, with 1 -2 males. Multiple females will help dilute the male's aggressiveness.
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Peaceful fish (): Threat
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Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor - Other herbivorous Tanganyika cichlids fish can be kept if the tank is large enough with plenty of decor providing multiple hiding places.
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Aggressive (): Monitor
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Large Semi-Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Threat
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Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Threat
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Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: May be aggressive
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Plants: Monitor
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Ease of Breeding: Moderate
Several varieties are shown here:
1- Tropheus sp. "Bemba/Pemba"
This species is from Bemba, CongoCommon names:
Bemba Orange Flame, Orange Moorii, Flame Moorii, Red Kaiser
2-Tropheus sp. Black "Caramba"
This species is from Cape Caramba, Congo.
Common names: Cherry Cheek
Cherry Head, Katende Variant
3-Tropheus sp. Black "Kiriza"
This species is from Kiriza, Congo.
Common names:
Kaiser II, Kiriza Kaiser
4-Tropheus sp. Black "Bulu Point"
Tropheus sp. "Bulu Point"
This species is from Bulu Point, Tanzania.
Common names:Cherry Spot, Double Fleck Moorii, Kirschfleck,Candy Apple
5-Tropheus sp. "Ikola"
Tropheus sp. Black "Ikola"
This species is from Ikola, Tanzania.
Common names: Tropheus Bumble Bee
Kaiser I, Emperor Moorii
6-Tropheus sp. Black "Rutunga"
Tropheus sp."Rutunga"
This species is from Magara, Burundi.
Common names:Red Saddle,
Brabant Moorii, Magara Moori
Additional varieties include:
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Tropheus sp. Black "Banza" - From Cape Banza, Congo.
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Tropheus sp. Black "Kirchfleck" - Common name it is known by is: Cherry Spot
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Tropheus sp. Black "Lueba" - From Lueba, Congo.
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Tropheus sp. Black "Makobola" - From Makobola, Congo.
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Tropheus sp. Black "Mboko" - From Mboko, Congo.
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Tropheus sp. Black "Kifumbwe" - From Kifumbwe, Congo. Common names: Lemon Stripe Moorii or Mboko Variant
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Tropheus sp. Black "Minago" - From Minago, Congo. Common name: Black Moorii
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Tropheus sp. Black "Uvira" - From Uvira, Congo. Common name: Moorii Bright Red
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Tropheus sp. "Moba Tropheus"
All cichlids share a common feature that some saltwater fish such as wrasses and parrotfish have and that is a well-developed pharyngeal set of teeth that are in the throat, along with their regular teeth. Cichlids have spiny rays in the back parts of the anal, dorsal, pectoral, and pelvic fins to help discourage predators. The front part of these fins are soft and perfect for precise positions and effortless movements in the water as opposed to fast swimming.
Cichlids have one nostril on each side while other fish have 2 sets. To sense “smells” in the water, they suck water in and expel the water right back out after being “sampled” for a short or longer time, depending on how much the cichlid needs to “smell” the water. This feature is shared by saltwater damselfish and cichlids are thought to be closely related.
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Aquarist Experience Level: Advanced
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Size of fish - inches: 4.8 inches (12.19 cm)
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Minimum Tank Size: 75 gal (284 L)
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Temperament: Aggressive
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately Difficult
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Temperature: 73.0 to 81.0° F (22.8 to 27.2° C)
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Scientific Name: Tropheus duboisi
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Social Grouping: Varies - Unlike other Tropheus species they not found in groups, usually occurring singly or in pairs.
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IUCN Red List: VU - Vulnerable
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Size of fish - inches: 4.8 inches (12.19 cm) - This species can reach a length of about 4 3/4".
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Lifespan: 5 years - They generally live for 5 - 8 years, but may live 10 years or more with proper care.
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately Difficult
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Aquarist Experience Level: Advanced - These highly aggressive fish require attention to diet, diligent tank care, and are susceptible to "bloat" if stressed.
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Diet Type: Omnivore - Although these fish are omnivores, their diet consists primarily of herbivorous foods.
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Flake Food: Yes
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Tablet Pellet: Yes
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Live foods (fishes, shrimps, worms): Some of Diet - Proteins should be fed sparingly.
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Vegetable Food: Most of Diet
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Meaty Food: Some of Diet - Proteins should be fed sparingly.
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Feeding Frequency: Several feedings per day - Generally feed 2-3 small feedings a day rather than a single large feeding for better water quality.
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Water Changes: Weekly - Water changes of 15% twice a week or 30% weekly are recommended.
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Minimum Tank Size: 75 gal (284 L) - A tank that is 48" long and about 75 gallons will be needed for a group.
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Suitable for Nano Tank: No
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Substrate Type: Sand/Gravel Mix
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Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting - Normal lighting is okay, but stronger lighting will help with algae growth.
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Temperature: 73.0 to 81.0° F (22.8 to 27.2° C)
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Range ph: 8.0-9.5 - They can be adjusted closer to neutral if done slowly.
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Hardness Range: 10 - 15 dGH
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Brackish: Sometimes - Can tolerate a low salinity, but must be less than 10% of a normal saltwater tank, a specific gravity of less than 1.0002.
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Water Movement: Moderate
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Water Region: All - These fish will swim in all areas of the aquarium.
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Venomous: No
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Temperament: Aggressive
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Compatible with:
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Same species - conspecifics: Yes - Can be in groups of 12 or more, with 1 male. Multiple females will help dilute the male's aggressiveness.
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Peaceful fish (): Threat
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Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor - Other herbivorous Tanganyika cichlids fish can be kept if the tank is large enough with plenty of decor providing multiple hiding places.
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Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Semi-Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Threat
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Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Threat
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Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: May be aggressive
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Plants: Monitor
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Ease of Breeding: Moderate
Several varieties are shown here:
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Tropheus duboisi "Karilani" - Narrow Band Duboisi, karilani cichlidThis variety is from Karilani Island, Tanzania and has a narrow white mid-section band.
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Tropheus duboisi "Kigoma"This variety is from Kigoma, Tanzania and has a broad white mid-section band, but not as wide as on the variety from Bemba.
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Tropheus duboisi "Maswa" or Tropheus duboisi "Malagarazi" - Broad Band Duboisi, Wide Yellow Band Duboisi.This variety is from Cape Kabogo, Tanzania and has a broad yellow mid-section band..
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Tropheus duboisi "Bemba" - Wide Band DuboisiThis variety is from Bemba, Congo and has a wide white mid-section band.
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Aquarist Experience Level: Beginner
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Size of fish - inches: 4.7 inches (11.99 cm)
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Minimum Tank Size: 30 gal (114 L)
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Temperament: Peaceful
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Temperature: 75.0 to 82.0° F (23.9 to 27.8° C)
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Scientific Name: Steatocranus casuarius
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Social Grouping: Pairs - They will often pair for life, but will often remain solitary if their mate should die
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IUCN Red List: LC - Least Concern
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Size of fish - inches: 4.7 inches (11.99 cm) - The male of this species reaches 4 3/4 inches in the wild, with the female growing up to 3 inches. In the aquarium they have been reported at about 6 inches (15 cm) for males and 4 inches (10 cm) for females.
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Lifespan: 5 years - They generally have a lifespan of 5 - 8 years.
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Aquarist Experience Level: Beginner - These fish do require very clean, oxygen rich water and regular maintenance.
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Diet Type: Omnivore
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Flake Food: Yes
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Tablet Pellet: Yes
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Live foods (fishes, shrimps, worms): Some of Diet
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Vegetable Food: Most of Diet
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Meaty Food: Most of Diet
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Feeding Frequency: Several feedings per day - Generally feed 2-3 small feedings a day rather than a single large feeding for better water quality.
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Water Changes: Weekly - Water changes of 30 - 50% a week are recommended.
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Minimum Tank Size: 30 gal (114 L) - A minimum of 30 gallons is suggested for a pair, a larger tank will be needed to house more.
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Suitable for Nano Tank: No
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Substrate Type: Sand - These fish are cave spawners that like to burrow into the sand under the decor.
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Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting
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Temperature: 75.0 to 82.0° F (23.9 to 27.8° C)
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Range ph: 6.0-8.0 - A pH of 7.0 is ideal for this fish.
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Hardness Range: 3 - 17 dGH
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Brackish: No
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Water Movement: Moderate - They like areas of vigorous water movement along with some areas that are quiet.
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Water Region: Bottom - These fish will swim primarily in the lower areas of the aquarium.
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Venomous: No
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Temperament: Peaceful - They are territorial but can kept with small peaceful fish that require similar conditions.
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Compatible with:
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Same species - conspecifics: Yes - They should be kept as a pair, but are aggressive towards any others of their same species.
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Peaceful fish (): Safe
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Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor
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Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Semi-Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Threat
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Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Monitor
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Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: May be aggressive
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Plants: Safe
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Ease of Breeding: Moderate
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Aquarist Experience Level: Intermediate
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Size of fish - inches: 1.3 inches (3.30 cm)
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Minimum Tank Size: 30 gal (114 L)
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Temperament: Peaceful
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately Difficult
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Temperature: 75.0 to 80.0° F (23.9 to 26.7° C)
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Scientific Name: Nanochromis transvestitus
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Social Grouping: Solitary - They are generally intolerant of their own species, unless a pair is formed, but even then the relationship may not be prolonged.
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IUCN Red List: EN - Endangered
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Size of fish - inches: 1.3 inches (3.30 cm) - This species reaches 1 1/3 inches in the wild, but in the aquarium they have been reported surpassing 1 3/4 inches for females and up to 2 1/2 inches for males.
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Lifespan: 3 years - They generally have a lifespan of 3 - 5 years, but may live longer with proper care.
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately Difficult
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Aquarist Experience Level: Intermediate - These fish require a low pH, the correct hardness, and diligent tank care.
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Diet Type: Omnivore
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Flake Food: Occasionally
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Tablet Pellet: Occasionally
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Live foods (fishes, shrimps, worms): Some of Diet
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Vegetable Food: Some of Diet
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Meaty Food: Most of Diet
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Feeding Frequency: Several feedings per day - Generally feed 2-4 small feedings a day rather than a single large feeding for better water quality.
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Water Changes: Weekly - Water changes of 15 - 20% twice a week are recommended.
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Minimum Tank Size: 30 gal (114 L) - A minimum of 30 gallons and a tank at least 3 feet long is suggested.
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Suitable for Nano Tank: No
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Substrate Type: Sand/Gravel Mix - Provide a substrate mixture of sand along with some small rocks they can pick up.
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Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting
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Temperature: 75.0 to 80.0° F (23.9 to 26.7° C)
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Range ph: 4.0-7.0 - 5.0 is optimal for breeding.
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Hardness Range: 8 - 15 dGH
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Brackish: No
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Water Movement: Moderate
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Water Region: Middle - These fish will swim in the middle and lower parts of the aquarium.
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Venomous: No
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Temperament: Peaceful - They are peaceful with fish of the same temperament and size.
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Compatible with:
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Same species - conspecifics: Sometimes - They are usually aggressive towards others of their same species, except when a pair. They are not tolerant of other members of their same genus.
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Peaceful fish (): Safe
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Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor
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Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Semi-Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Threat
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Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Monitor
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Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: May be aggressive
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Plants: Safe
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Ease of Breeding: Moderate
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Aquarist Experience Level: Beginner
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Size of fish - inches: 4.3 inches (11.00 cm)
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Minimum Tank Size: 55 gal (208 L)
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Temperament: Semi-aggressive
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Temperature: 73.0 to 77.0° F (22.8 to 25.0° C)
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Scientific Name: Cyprichromis leptosoma
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Social Grouping: Groups - They are found near rocky shores in large groups or shoals.
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IUCN Red List: LC - Least Concern
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Size of fish - inches: 4.3 inches (11.00 cm)
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Lifespan: 8 years - They have a lifespan of about 8 years with proper care.
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Aquarist Experience Level: Beginner
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Diet Type: Omnivore
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Flake Food: Yes
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Tablet Pellet: Yes
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Vegetable Food: Some of Diet
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Meaty Food: Most of Diet
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Feeding Frequency: Daily - Offer several small feedings a day rather than a single large feeding for better water quality over time.
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Water Changes: Weekly - Water changes of 10-15% weekly are suggested, only do more if the water parameters are off. Be cautious of doing more frequent changes as these fish are very sensitive to new water.
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Minimum Tank Size: 55 gal (208 L) - A minimum of 55 gallons or more is the suggested, and with a length of at least 4 feet as this is a shoaling species.
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Suitable for Nano Tank: No
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Substrate Type: Sand/Gravel Mix
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Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting
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Temperature: 73.0 to 77.0° F (22.8 to 25.0° C) - Ideally temperature is 77° F (24° C).
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Range ph: 8.0-9.0 - Optimal is 8.4 pH.
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Hardness Range: 10 - 19 dGH
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Brackish: Sometimes - Salt is not found in their natural environment, but they do have a slight tolerance, keep levels below 10% - a specific gravity of less than 1.0002.
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Water Movement: Moderate
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Water Region: Top - These fish will swim in the top areas of the aquarium.
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Temperament: Semi-aggressive - They areo ne of the more peaceful cichlids species.
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Compatible with:
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Same species - conspecifics: Yes - This is a shoaling species and they do well in groups of 12 or more, with 3 or more being males.
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Peaceful fish (): Monitor
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Semi-Aggressive (): Safe
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Aggressive (): Threat
-
Large Semi-Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Threat
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Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Monitor
-
Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: May be aggressive
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Plants: Safe
-
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Ease of Breeding: Easy
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Aquarist Experience Level: Intermediate
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Size of fish - inches: 5.9 inches (14.99 cm)
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Minimum Tank Size: 50 gal (189 L)
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Temperament: Aggressive
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Temperature: 77.0 to 82.0° F (25.0 to 27.8° C)
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Scientific Name: Neolamprologus sexfasciatus
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Social Grouping: Solitary - Solitary, though Adults form territorial pairs for spawning.
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IUCN Red List: LC - Least Concern
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Size of fish - inches: 5.9 inches (14.99 cm) - Males grow to a length of almost 6" (15 cm), with females being slightly smaller reaching about 4 to 5 inches (12 - 13 cm).
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Lifespan: 8 years - They have a lifespan of 8 to 10 years with proper care.
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Aquarist Experience Level: Intermediate
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Diet Type: Carnivore
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Flake Food: Yes
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Tablet Pellet: Yes
-
Live foods (fishes, shrimps, worms): Some of Diet
-
Meaty Food: All of Diet
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Feeding Frequency: Several feedings per day - Offer several small feedings a day, what they can eat in about 3 minutes or less, rather than a single large feeding.
-
Water Changes: Weekly - Water changes of 10-20% weekly are suggested. Be cautious of doing more frequent changes as these fish are very sensitive to new water, only do more if the water parameters are off.
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Minimum Tank Size: 50 gal (189 L) - A minimum of 50 gallons is suggested for a single fish. For a breeding pair or when keeping mixed cichlids, a tank that's at least 4' in length will be needed.
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Suitable for Nano Tank: No
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Substrate Type: Sand/Gravel Mix
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Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting
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Temperature: 77.0 to 82.0° F (25.0 to 27.8° C)
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Breeding Temperature: 77.0° F - Best breeding temperature is 77° F (25 C) or slightly higher.
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Range ph: 7.8-9.5 - The average pH for this fish is 8.6.
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Hardness Range: 10 - 13 dGH
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Brackish: Sometimes - Salt is not found in their natural environment, but they do have a slight tolerance, keep levels below 10% - a specific gravity of less than 1.0002.
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Water Movement: Moderate
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Water Region: Middle - These fish will swim in the middle and bottom areas of the aquarium.
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Temperament: Aggressive
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Compatible with:
-
Same species - conspecifics: Yes - They can be kept singly or in pairs, but not in groups as the male will be intolerant of any others of its same species.
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Peaceful fish (): Threat
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Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor
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Aggressive (): Safe
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Large Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor
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Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Monitor
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Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Threat
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Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: Threat - is aggressive
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Plants: Safe
-
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Ease of Breeding: Moderate
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Aquarist Experience Level: Advanced
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Size of fish - inches: 3.1 inches (7.80 cm)
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Minimum Tank Size: 50 gal (189 L)
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Temperament: Aggressive
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately Difficult
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Temperature: 75.0 to 82.0° F (23.9 to 27.8° C)
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Scientific Name: Xenotilapia papilio
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Social Grouping: Varies - They are found in pairs or small groups of 4 - 8 fish.
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IUCN Red List: NE - Not Evaluated or not listed
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Size of fish - inches: 3.1 inches (7.80 cm) - They commonly grow to a length of 3" (7.8 cm), however the largest reported specimen is said to have been up to 3.94 inches (10 cm).
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Lifespan: 5 years - They have a lifespan of 5 - 8 years with proper care.
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately Difficult
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Aquarist Experience Level: Advanced
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Diet Type: Omnivore
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Flake Food: Yes
-
Tablet Pellet: Yes
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Vegetable Food: Some of Diet
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Meaty Food: Most of Diet
-
Feeding Frequency: Daily - Offer several small feedings a day, what they can eat in about 3 minutes or less, rather than a single large feeding.
-
Water Changes: Weekly - Water changes of 10-15% weekly are suggested, only do more if the water parameters are off. Be cautious of doing more frequent changes as these fish are very sensitive to new water.
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Minimum Tank Size: 50 gal (189 L) - A minimum 50 gallons with a length of 48" is suggested.
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Suitable for Nano Tank: No
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Substrate Type: Sand
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Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting
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Temperature: 75.0 to 82.0° F (23.9 to 27.8° C)
-
Range ph: 7.5-9.0
-
Hardness Range: 10 - 25 dGH
-
Brackish: Sometimes - Salt is not found in their natural environment, but they do have a slight tolerance, keep levels below 10% - a specific gravity of less than 1.0002.
-
Water Movement: Moderate
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Water Region: Bottom - These fish will swim on the bottom areas of the aquarium.
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Temperament: Aggressive
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Compatible with:
-
Same species - conspecifics: Yes - Can be kept in pairs but are generally semi-aggressive toward those of the same species, especially when breeding.
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Peaceful fish (): Threat
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Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor
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Aggressive (): Safe
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Large Semi-Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Threat
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Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Threat
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Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: Threat - is aggressive
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Plants: Safe
-
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Ease of Breeding: Moderate
19-White Pearly Calvus
Altolamprologus calvus
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Aquarist Experience Level: Intermediate
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Size of fish - inches: 5.9 inches (15.01 cm)
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Minimum Tank Size: 40 gal (151 L)
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Temperament: Semi-aggressive
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Temperature: 73.0 to 77.0° F (22.8 to 25.0° C)
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Scientific Name: Altolamprologus calvus
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Social Grouping: Solitary - They tend to live singly except when breeding.
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IUCN Red List: NT - Near Threatened
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Size of fish - inches: 5.9 inches (15.01 cm) - The female grows to a length of about 4" (10 cm) with males being larger, reaching almost 6" (15 cm).
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Lifespan: 8 years - They have a lifespan of 8 - 10 years with proper care.
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Aquarist Experience Level: Intermediate
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Diet Type: Carnivore
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Flake Food: Occasionally
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Tablet Pellet: Yes
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Live foods (fishes, shrimps, worms): Half of Diet
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Meaty Food: All of Diet
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Feeding Frequency: Daily
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Water Changes: Bi-weekly - Water changes of 10-15% weekly are suggested, only do more if the water parameters are off. Be cautious of doing more frequent changes as these fish are very sensitive to new water.
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Minimum Tank Size: 40 gal (151 L) - A minimum aquarium size of 40 - 50 gallons is suggested.
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Suitable for Nano Tank: No
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Substrate Type: Sand/Gravel Mix
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Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting
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Temperature: 73.0 to 77.0° F (22.8 to 25.0° C)
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Range ph: 8.0-9.0
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Hardness Range: 9 - 19 dGH
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Brackish: Sometimes - Salt is not found in their natural environment, but they do have a slight tolerance, keep levels below 10% - a specific gravity of less than 1.0002.
-
Water Movement: Moderate
-
Water Region: Middle - These fish will swim in the middle and bottom areas of the aquarium.
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Temperament: Semi-aggressive
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Compatible with:
-
Same species - conspecifics: Yes - Though in nature they are primarily a solitary species, a pair or group can be kept together if the tank is not too large. In a large tank they become territorial and intolerante of their own kind.
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Peaceful fish (): Monitor - They are predatory, so all tankmates must be too large to be eaten.
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Semi-Aggressive (): Safe
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Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Semi-Aggressive (): Threat
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Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Threat
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Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Threat
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Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: Threat - is aggressive
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Plants: Safe
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Ease of Breeding: Moderate
-
20-White-Tailed Brichardi
Neolamprologus gracilis
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Aquarist Experience Level: Beginner
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Size of fish - inches: 3.5 inches (8.99 cm)
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Minimum Tank Size: 10 gal (38 L)
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Temperament: Semi-aggressive
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Temperature: 77.0 to 82.0° F (25.0 to 27.8° C)
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Scientific Name: Neolamprologus gracilis
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Social Grouping: Varies - They occur singly or in small groups, and will form monogamous pairs when breeding.
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IUCN Red List: LC - Least Concern
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Size of fish - inches: 3.5 inches (8.99 cm) - They are a relatively small cichlid, only reaching 3.54" (9 cm) in length.
-
Lifespan: 8 years - They have a lifespan of 8 to 10 years with proper care.
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Aquarist Experience Level: Beginner
-
Diet Type: Omnivore - Although they are an omnivore, the bulk of their natural diet is plankton.
-
Flake Food: Yes
-
Tablet Pellet: Yes
-
Live foods (fishes, shrimps, worms): Some of Diet
-
Vegetable Food: Some of Diet
-
Meaty Food: Most of Diet
-
Feeding Frequency: Several feedings per day - Offer several small feedings a day, what they can eat in about 3 minutes or less, rather than a single large feeding.
-
Water Changes: Weekly - Water changes of 10-15% weekly are suggested, and only more frequently if heavily stocked or the water parameters are off.
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Minimum Tank Size: 10 gal (38 L) - A minimum of 10 gallons is suggested for pair, 20 gallons for a species tank, and 55 gallons or more is needed for mixing species.
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Suitable for Nano Tank: Sometimes - A moderately large nano tank of 10 gallons can be used for a pair, or 20 gallons for a small group, but they are not large enough when mixing species.
-
Substrate Type: Sand/Gravel Mix
-
Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting
-
Temperature: 77.0 to 82.0° F (25.0 to 27.8° C)
-
Range ph: 7.5-9.0
-
Hardness Range: 10 - 25 dGH
-
Brackish: Sometimes - Salt is not found in their natural environment, but they do have a slight tolerance, keep levels below 10% - a specific gravity of less than 1.0002.
-
Water Movement: Moderate
-
Water Region: Middle - These fish will swim in the middle and bottom areas of the aquarium.
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Temperament: Semi-aggressive
-
Compatible with:
-
Same species - conspecifics: Yes - They can be kept singly, in pairs, or in small groups of 6 or more.
-
Peaceful fish (): Threat
-
Semi-Aggressive (): Safe
-
Aggressive (): Threat
-
Large Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor
-
Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Threat
-
Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Threat
-
Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: Threat - is aggressive
-
Plants: Safe
-
-
Ease of Breeding: Easy
-
Aquarist Experience Level: Intermediate
-
Size of fish - inches: 5.9 inches (15.01 cm)
-
Minimum Tank Size: 40 gal (151 L)
-
Temperament: Aggressive
-
Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
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Temperature: 78.0 to 80.0° F (25.6 to 26.7° C)
-
Scientific Name: Neolamprologus tretocephalus
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Social Grouping: Pairs - Adults form territorial pairs.
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IUCN Red List: LC - Least Concern
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Size of fish - inches: 5.9 inches (15.01 cm) - The can grow to a length of almost 6" (15 cm), but more commonly reach just 4" (10 cm).
-
Lifespan: 8 years - They have a lifespan of 8 to 10 years with proper care.
-
Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
-
Aquarist Experience Level: Intermediate
-
Diet Type: Omnivore - Although they are omivorous, in the wild they primarily feed on fish and mollusks such as snails.
-
Flake Food: Yes
-
Tablet Pellet: Yes
-
Live foods (fishes, shrimps, worms): Some of Diet
-
Vegetable Food: Some of Diet
-
Meaty Food: Most of Diet
-
Feeding Frequency: Several feedings per day - Offer several small feedings a day, what they can eat in about 3 minutes or less, rather than a single large feeding.
-
Water Changes: Weekly - Water changes of 10-20% weekly are suggested, depending on bioload and stocking levels.
-
Minimum Tank Size: 40 gal (151 L) - A minimum of 40 gallons is suggested for a fish under 4", and larger as the fish matures. For a breeding pair or when keeping a mixed tank, about 80 gallons and 4' in length will be needed.
-
Suitable for Nano Tank: No
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Substrate Type: Sand/Gravel Mix
-
Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting
-
Temperature: 78.0 to 80.0° F (25.6 to 26.7° C)
-
Breeding Temperature: 77.0° F - Best breeding temperature is 77° F (25 C) or slightly higher.
-
Range ph: 8.6-9.5 - Some specimens will adjust to neutral water if it is done slowly.
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Hardness Range: 10 - 13 dGH
-
Brackish: Sometimes - Salt is not found in their natural environment, but they do have a slight tolerance, keep levels below 10% - a specific gravity of less than 1.0002.
-
Water Movement: Moderate
-
Water Region: Middle - These fish will swim in the
-
middle and bottom areas of the aquarium.
-
Temperament: Aggressive
-
15-Masked Julie
Julidochromis transcriptus
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Compatible with:
-
Same species - conspecifics: Yes - They can be kept in pairs, but will be intolerant of any others of their same species.
-
Peaceful fish (): Threat
-
Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor
-
Aggressive (): Safe
-
Large Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor
-
Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Threat
-
Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Threat
-
Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: Threat - is aggressive
-
Ease of Breeding: Easy
-
Plants: Safe
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Scientific Name: Cyphotilapia frontosa
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Social Grouping: Groups
-
IUCN Red List: LC - Least Concern
-
Size of fish - inches: 13.8 inches (35.00 cm) - In nature they reach almost 14" (35 cm) in length (some resources say 16" = 40.6 cm). They are usually smaller in the aquarum with males at about 12" (30 cm) and females about 10" (25.4 cm).
-
Lifespan: 25 years - With proper care this species may live 25 years or more.
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Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy
-
Aquarist Experience Level: Intermediate - Although they are moderately easy to care for, they require a large tank with appropriate tankmates.
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Diet Type: Carnivore
-
Flake Food: No
-
Tablet Pellet: Yes
-
Live foods (fishes, shrimps, worms): Some of Diet
-
Meaty Food: All of Diet
-
Water Changes: Weekly - Water changes of 10-20% weekly are suggested, depending on bioload and stocking levels.
-
Minimum Tank Size: 70 gal (265 L) - A minimum 70 gallon tank that is at least 48" in length can house a single specimen. For a group a minimum 125 gallon tank is suggested, with 200 gallons or more being best for long term care.
-
Suitable for Nano Tank: No
-
Substrate Type: Sand/Gravel Mix
-
Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting
-
Temperature: 74.0 to 79.0° F (23.3 to 26.1° C)
-
Breeding Temperature: 77.0° F - Breeding temperature ranges between 77 - 82.4° F (25 - 28 C).
-
-
Range ph: 8.0-8.5
-
Hardness Range: 12 - 15 dGH
-
Brackish: Sometimes - Salt is not found in their natural environment, but they do have a slight tolerance, keep levels below 10% - a specific gravity of less than 1.0002.
-
Water Movement: Moderate
-
Temperament: Semi-aggressive
-
Compatible with:
-
Same species - conspecifics: Yes - They are gregarious and like companionship. Groups can consist of 1 male with 3 or more females, or a mixed group of 8 - 12 individuals.
-
Peaceful fish (): Monitor - Fish smaller than about 3" may be at risk of being eaten by an adult.
-
Semi-Aggressive (): Safe
-
Aggressive (): Threat
-
Large Semi-Aggressive (): Monitor
-
Large Aggressive, Predatory (): Threat
-
Slow Swimmers & Eaters (): Monitor
-
Shrimps, Crabs, Snails: Threat - is aggressive
-
Plants: Safe
-
Ease of Breeding: Easy
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